MkW- iatkcjko mik[; Hkkmlkgsc ns'keq[k ;kaps “kS{kf.kd o d`’kh dk;Z
Hkkjr gk d`"khiz/kku ns'k vkgs vk.kh R;keqGs 'ksrd&;kaph izxrh Eg.ktsp [k&;k vFkkZZus ns'kkph izxrh gh tkf.ko y{kkr Bsmu Hkkjrkps ifgys d`"khea=h] f'k{k.keg"khZ vk.kh d`"khjRu MkW- iatkcjko mik[; Hkkmlkgsc ns'keq[k ;kauh 80 VDds 'ksrdjh&cgwtu lektkP;k lokZafx.k izxrhlkBh fofo/k {ks=kr cgweksy dk;ZZ dsys vkgs- 10 ,izhy ;k R;kaP;k Le`rhfnuk fuehRr R;kaps dk;Z FkksMD;kr vkiY;k leksj Bsor vkgs- T;kaP;k fopkjkauh vk.kh izj.ksus Hkkmlkgsc ?kMys rs txrxq# rqdkjke egkjkt] N=irh f”kokth egkjkt] egkRek tksrhjko Qqys] jkt’khZ “kkgq egkjkt ;kauk rFkk Hkkmlkgsckauk loZizFke vfHkoknu djrks-
MkW- iatkcjko ns'keq[k ;kapk tUe 27 fMlsacj 1898 jksth ikiG ft- vejkorh ;sFks ,dk ygku “ksrdjh dqVqackr >kyk- vkbZ jk/kkckbZ vk.kh oMhy “kkejkockiw ;kaP;k laLdkjkus Hkkmlkgsc ?kMr xsys-R;kaps izkFkehd f”k{k.k ikiG ;sFks >kys- ek/;ehd f”k{k.k dkjatk ykM vk.kh vejkorh ;sFkwu >kys- egkfo|ky;hu f”k{k.k iw.ks ;sFkhy QX;Zq”ku dkWyst e/kwu iw.kZ dsys- 1920 rs 1925 Ik;Zar mPp f”k{k.k baXyaM ;sFkwu iw.kZ d#u Hkkjrkr ijrys- dasczht fo|kihBkrwu osnokM%e;krhy /kekZpk mxe vkf.k fodkl ;k fo’k;koj MkWDVjsV feGkyh-oMhaykauh dtZ dk<wu Hkkmlkgsckaps f”k{k.k iw.kZ dsys- T;k “ksrdjh lektkrwu vki.k vkyks R;k “ksrd&;kaps gky Hkkmlkgsackuk ekghr vlY;kus R;kauh vkiys iw<hy thou “ksrd&;kaP;k izxrhlkBh [kphZ ?kkrys- 1925 e/;s ijr vkY;koj vejkorh ;sFks J/nkuan olrhx`g lq# dsys- 1931 e/;s tqU;k e/;izns'k o&gkMps f'k{k.k vk.kh d`"kh ea=h vlrkauk dtZyokn dk;nk ikl dsyk- ;k dk;n;keqGs gtkjks 'ksrdjh lkodkjh tkpkrwu lqVys o R;kauk R;kaP;k tfeuh ijr feGkY;k-
'ksrdjh vk.kh cgwtu lekt vf'k{khr jkfgY;kl R;kapk fodkl gks.ks 'kD; ukgh ;kph tkf.ko Hkkmlkgsckauk gksrh- T;k izek.ks pkaxyk lqrkj vkscM/kkscM ykdMkoj izdzh;k d#u R;kyk vkdkj fnY;kuarj eksY;oku cuorks] R;kp izek.ks vkrktjh ek>k “ksrdjh cka/ko vf”k{khr vkgs rjh R;kyk f”k{k.k fnY;kuarj rks lq/nk eksY;oku cuwu Lorklg ns”kkP;k fodklkr iq<kdkj ?ksbZy vk.kh lektkr izfr’Bk feGosy- gk ladYi d#u loZizFke 1931 e/;s baxzt “kkluktoG izkFkehd f”k{k.k loZ ns”kHkj lw# dj.;kpk izLrko ekaMyk- baxzt “kklukus vkFkhZd vMp.k iw<s dsyh- gh vMp.k lksMfo.;klkBh Hkkjrkrhy nsoLFkkukyk ykssdkauh fnysys nku “kklukus tek d#u eqykadjhrk “kkGk dk<.;klkBh mi;ksxkr vk.k.;kpk izLrko Hkkmlkgsckauh “kkluktoG ekaMyk- ek= vkiY;kp /keZosM;k yksdkauh fojks/k dsY;kus vkEgh vusd o’kZ ekxs iMyks- baxzt “kkluk dMwu gs dk;Z gksr ulY;kps ikgwu MkW- iatkcjko ns'keq[k ;kuh Lorkp 1932 lkyh vejkorh ;sFks Jh f'kokth f'k{k.k laLFksph LFkkiuk dsyh- 'kgjkleosr fonHkkZrhy vusd xzkeh.k Hkkxkr Hkkmlkgsckauh 'kkGk dk<Y;k vk.kh olrhx`g cka/kyh- R;kauk dksYgkiqjps jktkjke egkjkt] gSnzkcknps futke ;kapslg vusd O;Drhauh enr dsyh- xkMxs egkjktkauh lq/nk enr dsyh- vuasd 'ksrdjh&cgwtu lektkph ewys f'kdwu eksBh >kyh- va/kJ/nk] deZdkaM vk.kh tkrh;oknkeqGs ekxs iMysY;k cgwtu lektke/;s f'k{k.kkph vkoM fuekZa.k d:u R;kauk f'k{k.kkph lks; miyCn d:u fnyh- laiw.kZ fonHkkZr v'kk jhrhus 'kS{kf.kd dzkarh ?kMowu vk.kyh- “ksrdjh&cgwtukph ewys f'kdw ykxyh- vkt eksB eksB;k inkoj vkgs- R;kuarj ek= Hkkmlkgsckauh baxzt “kklukpk jkthukek fnyk-
“ksrd&;kckcr vlysyh dGoG c?kwu Hkkjrkps ighys iariz/kku tokgjyky usg# ;kauh 1952 e/;s Hkkjrkps ifgys d`"kh ea=h Eg.kwu R;kauk ea=heaMGkr ?ksrys- d`’kh ea=h vlrkauk Hkkmlkgsckauh 'ksrd&;kalkBh vusd ;kstuk vaeykr vk.kY;k-
'ksrdjh la?kVhr gks.ks xjtsps vlY;kph tk.kho MkW- iatkcjko ns'keq[k ;kauk gksrh- Eg.kwu R;kauh 1955 e/;s ^^Hkkjr d`"kd lektkph^^ LFkkiuk dsyh- laiw.kZ Hkkjrkr “ksrd&;kapss ala?kVu mHks dsys-
'ksrh gk ,d O;olk; vlY;kus R;kP;k laca/khr f'k{k.k vlkosa Eg.kwu R;kauh d`"kh fo|kfiBs dk<yh- vdksY;kP;k fo|kihBkyk uarj R;kaPks uko lq/nk ns.;kr vkys-
'ksrd&;kyk tkxrhd Lrjkojhy vk/kwfud ra= ekfgr d#u ns.;klkBh 1959 e/;s lgdkjea=h vlrkauk Hkkjr d`’kd lektkP;k orhus fnYyhr ifgys tkxrhd d`"kh izn'kZu Hkjfoys- ;k d`"kh izn'kZukyk tkxrhd Lrjkoj eksBk izfrlkn ykHkyk gksrk- 92 fnol pkyysY;k izn”kZuhyk vesjhdsps jk’Vk/;{k] jf”k;k]QzkUl]bXyaM]phu bR;knh ns”kkaps izeq[k usrs HksV nsmu xsys- lqekjs 2 dksVh “ksrdjh fnYyhyk izn”kZuh ikgwu xsys gksrs- ek= izLFkkihr lektkyk “ksrdjh oxZ leksj vk.kuss cjkscj okVys ukgh- Eg.kwu R;kauh Hkkmlkgsckauk “kklukr fojks/k dj.ks lq# dsys- dkghgh >kys rjh “ksrd&;kaP;k ghrkps dk;Z thoar vls Ik;Zar lq# Bsohu ;k ladYiususp Hkkmlkgsc dk;Z djhr gksrs] Eg.kwu R;kauh Lork “ksrd&;kaP;klkBh ea=hinkpk jkthukek fnyk- gk R;kapk nqljk jkthukek gksrk- ighyk Lora=iqohZpk vk.kh nqljk gk uarjpk-
R;kauh fofo/k “ksrhyk tksM O;olk; vlysY;k laLFkk fuekZ.k dsY;k gksR;k- ;kr izkeq[;kus vf[ky Hkkjrh; e/kqef{kdk ikyu laLFkk] jk’Vh; d`’kh fo’k; lgdkjh [kjsnh fodzh la?k bZR;knh-
Hkkmlkgsc Lora++= HkkjrkP;k ?kVuk lferhps lnL; lq/nk gksrs- R;kauh ?kVuklehrhr jkgwu vusd egRokP;k iz”ukaoj vH;kliw.kZ ppkZ ?kMowu vk.kyh- 10 ,izhy 1965 jksth fnYyh ;sFks R;kapk e`R;q >kyk-
“ksrd&;kauk “kS{kf.kd vk.kh “kklulsosr vkj{k.k vlkos] nsoLFkkukrhy laIkRrh xzkeh.k Hkkxkrhy f”k{k.k]is;ty o vkjksX;koj [kpZ djkoh] usR;klg odhy tt vk.kh vf/kdk&;kaph njo’khZ laiRrh ekstkoh]y’djh f”k{k.k lDrhps vlkos]”ksrd&;kaP;k “ksrkr R;kauk izkR;kf{kdklg izf”k{k.k n;kos]va/kJ/nk cqokckth deZdkaM can Ogkos] vLi`”; lektkpk fodkl Ogkok] tkrhHksn u’V Ogkoh] v”kh vusd dkes R;kauk iq.kZRokl U;k;ph gksrh- ,[kkn;k egkiq#’kkph t;arh o iq.;frFkh lktjh dj.ks o Hkk’k.kkrwu ekghrh ns.ks ;k ekxs mn~ns”k gk vlrks dh R;kaps viq.kZ jkghysys dk;Z iq<s U;k;pk vkEgh izekf.kd iz;Ru dsyk ikghts-
R;kaps pkj lqfopkj ,sdforks &
1- **Ekh “ksrd&;kyk loZJs’B /kufuekZrk ekurks-**
2- **80 VDds lektkph izxrh Eg.kts [k&;k vFkkZus ns”kkph izxrh gks;-**
3- **vkEgh f”k{k.kkps HkxhjFk iz;Ru d#ugh lektkrhy va/nJ/nk vk.kh cqokckth u’V gksr ulsy rj vkeP;k iz;Rukpk dkghgh mi;ksx gks.kkj ukgh-**
4- **ns”kkrhy brj laLFkk i<hd iaMhr cufo.;kr xqax vlrhy ijarq ekb;k laLFksr ek.kwl ?kMfo.;kps dke lq# vkgs-**
v'kkizdkjs d`"khiz/kku Hkkjr ns'kkrhy 80 VDds 'ksrdjh&cgwtu lektkP;k izxrhlkBh fofo/k {ks=kr cgweksy dk;ZZ dj.kk&;k ;k [k&;k jRukl Hkkjr ljdkjus ej.kksRrj **d`’khjRu** iwjLdkjkus lUekauhr dsys vk.kh lalnsP;k nkyukr eksBs rSyfp= ykoys- R;kaP;k uarj ek= 'ksrd&;kauk vtwu i;Zar v”kk usrk feGkyk ukgh- R;keqGs vkt “ksrd&;kaoj vkRegR;k dj.;kph osG vkysyh vkgs- Jh f”kokth laLFksr 269 “kkGk] egkfo|ky; vkgsr- ;k laLFkseqGs Hkkmlkgsckaps dk;Z FkksM;k izek.kkr thoar vkgs- ijarq,o<s eksBs izpaM dk;Z f”k{k.k{ks=kr d#ugh ikB;iqLrdkr R;kauk LFkku uOgrs- “kks’khr oxkZlkBh dke dj.kk&;kaps uko izLFkkihr lekt ?ksr ukgh- ijarq vkrk ikB;iqLrdkr R;kaps dk;Z ;s.ks lq# >kysyss vkgs- uarjP;k fi<hrhy “ksrd&;kauk lq/nk vkiY;k usR;kph ekghrh uOgrh- ijarq vkrk “ksrd&;kaaphp eqys f”kokth laLFksrwu f”kdwu tkr vlY;kus “ksrd&;kaukgh HkkmlkgsckP;k dk;kZph ekghrh gGwgGq gksr vkgs- R;kauh ladYihr dsysys dk;Z iq.kZRokl tkoks gh lfnPNk O;Dr djrks vk.kh bFksp Fkkacrks-
izfo.k ek- Hkks;j
Jh f'kokth d- egk- ;orekG-
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